Uphando olucacisayo yenzelwe ingxaki engazange iphandwe kakuhle ngaphambili, ifuna izinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka, ivelisa iinkcazo zokusebenza kwaye ibonelela ngemodeli ephandwe ngcono. Ngokwenene luhlobo lwe uyilo lophando egxile ekucaciseni imiba yesifundo sakho ngendlela eneenkcukacha. Umphandi uqala ngombono jikelele kwaye usebenzisa uphando njengesixhobo esinokukhokelela kwizifundo eziya kuxoxwa kwixesha elizayo elizayo. Kuthetha ukunika iinkcukacha apho kukho ulwazi oluncinci lwemveliso ethile engqondweni yaloo mphandi. Ukuqala uphando lwakho, kufuneka wenze ulwandlalo lophando okanye ulwandlalo lwentetho ukukhuphela umbono wakho wophando kunjingalwazi wakho okanye kumphathi okanye kwintlanganiso yebhodi.

Uphando olucacisayo iqhutywa ukuze isincede sifumane ingxaki engazange ifundwe ngaphambili nzulu. I Uphando olucacisayo ayisetyenziselwa ukusinika ubungqina obubambekayo kodwa isinceda ukuba siyiqonde kakuhle ingxaki. Xa uqhuba uphando, umphandi kufuneka akwazi ukuziqhelanisa nedatha entsha kunye nengqiqo entsha ayifumanisayo njengoko efunda isifundo.

Inkcazo yoPhando olucacisayo, Umzekelo woPhando oluCacisa, Umbuzo woPhando ocacisayo

Ayijoli ukunika iimpendulo zokugqibela nezigqibeleleyo kwimibuzo yophando kodwa ivumela umphandi ukuba aphonononge uphando ngenqanaba elahlukileyo lobunzulu. "Kuye kwaqatshelwa ukuba" uphando lokuhlola luvavanyo, olubumba isiseko semibuzo eyahlukeneyo malunga, sisithintelo sokwakhiwa kokujonga okunye. Isenokunceda ekuthatheni isigqibo ngolungelelwaniso lophononongo, ifilosofi yokuvavanya kunye neqhinga lokuqokelela ulwazi”. Uphando luvumela umphandi ukuba ajongane neengxaki ezinjalo apho kungekho okanye ngaphantsi kophando olwenziweyo.

Injongo yoPhando olunika ingcaciso:

  • Ukwandisa ukuqonda:
    The injongo yophando olucacisayo kukwandisa ukuqonda komphandi kumbandela othile. Ayiboneleli ngeziphumo eziqinisekileyo ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamandla ayo okubalwa, kodwa yenza umphandi agqibe ukuba kwenzeka njani kwaye kutheni izinto zenzeka.
  • Ukuba bhetyebhetye kweMithombo:
    Imithombo yesibini, njengoncwadi olupapashiweyo okanye idatha, isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlobo oluchazayo lophando. Kufuneka kuthatyathwe inkathalo ekukhetheni uluhlu lwemithombo enengqiqo ukunika ukuqondwa okubanzi nokulungelelana komxholo.
  • Izigqibo ezingcono:
    Exp-uPhando lunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekwalathiseni iindlela zophando ezilandelayo. Ukuqonda okukhulu kwesi sifundo kuvumela umphandi ukuba aphucule imibuzo yophando olulandelayo kwaye unokunyusa kakhulu ukusebenziseka kwezigqibo zophononongo. Olu phononongo ngokunjalo luxabiseke kakhulu ekugqibeni ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokujongana nokufezekisa injongo yengcaphephe. I CV nayo ibaluleke kakhulu

Imingeni yoPhando olucacisayo:

  • Ulwazi lwecala:
    I-Exp-Research ivelisa ezo ntlobo zolwazi kunye nokutolika okunokuthi ngamanye amaxesha kukhokelele kulwazi olungavumelekanga.
  • Iisampulu ezingasebenziyo:
    Uphononongo lwe-Exp-Research lusebenzisa iisampulu zamanani athobekileyo ebengenakuba lelokujoliswe kuko/kuhlobo oluthile lwabaphulaphuli.

Iintlobo zoPhando ezichazayo

Ezinye zeendlela ezidumileyo zoyilo lophando oluchazayo zibandakanya uphendlo loncwadi, udliwano-ndlebe olunzulu, amaqela ekugxilwe kuwo, kunye nohlalutyo lwamatyala.

  • UPhando loncwadi
  • Uphononongo olunzulu lwengxaki nganye
  • Uphando lweQela eliGxinileyo
  • UPhando lweCase Analysis

Uphendlo loncwadi:

Uphendlo loncwadi yenye yezona ndlela zikhawulezayo nezingabizi kakhulu zokufumana ingqikelelo kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nesifundo esisifundayo. Kukho isixa esikhulu solwazi olukhoyo kwi-intanethi, amathala eencwadi. Uphando loncwadi lunokubandakanya iimagazini, iphephandaba, uncwadi lwezorhwebo, kunye noncwadi lwezifundo.

Umzekelo wophando loncwadi: Lindela umba othi "Isizathu kukuba izinto zithengiswa ngaphantsi?" Oku kunokuvavanywa ngaphandle kokwelulwa okuninzi ngesikhokelo solwazi olusasaziweyo ekufuneka sichaze “ukuba umba “ngumba weshishini” okanye “ngumba oqinileyo”.

Udliwano-ndlebe olunzulu:

Ukukhangela uncwadi sisiqalo esihle kodwa kungakhethwa kakhulu ukuthetha nomntu onolwazi malunga nombandela othile owufundayo. Aba bantu banokuba ziingcali okanye abantu abangaphandle kombutho. Udliwano-ndlebe olunzulu lusetyenziswa kakhulu ukufumana ulwazi kunye namava abantu abanolwazi olunxulumene nesifundo esithile esisifundayo. Nabani na onolwazi olunxulumene nengxaki ngumgqatswa owomeleleyo wodliwano-ndlebe olunzulu.

Umzekelo wodliwano-ndlebe olunzulu: Umsasazi weencwadi oselula ufumene ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nokuwohloka kweshishini ngokuthetha nabalawuli kunye nootitshala abathe bafumanisa ukuba inani elandayo labantu lisebenzisa iiofisi zamathala eencwadi kwaye kucingelwa ukuba lithengela abantwana babo iincwadi ezimbalwa.

Amaqela ekugxilwe kuwo:

Enye indlela esetyenziswayo kukuqokelela abantu abanenjongo enye nabanolwazi ngengxaki ethile ekhoyo. Iqela ekugxilwe kulo linokuba namalungu ayi-8-12. Ngelixa ukhetha amalungu, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba abantu banolwazi malunga nengxaki.

Uhlalutyo Lwemeko:

Abaphandi banokuqonda kwaye bajongane nengxaki ngokufanelekileyo ngokujongana neemeko ezikhethwe ngononophelo okanye iimeko zento eyenzekayo. Uhlalutyo lwemeko yombutho oye wadlula kwimeko efanayo kuya kunceda ekujonganeni nale ngxaki ngokufanelekileyo.

Umzekelo wohlalutyo: I-LLBean ibonwa ngolwaneliseko olugqwesileyo lwesicelo. Nangona ngeli xesha lixakekileyo leKrisimesi, inkampani, ubukhulu becala, igcwalisa ngaphezulu kwe-99 % yezicelo zayo ngokuchanekileyo. Yiyo loo nto, imibutho eyahlukeneyo izamile ukongezelela ukwaneliseka kwesicelo sayo ngokumakisha i-LLBean.

Kutheni uphando oluchazayo:

Uphando oluchazayo luvumela umphandi ukuba anike ingqiqo enzulu kwisifundo esithile, esizala izifundo ezininzi kwaye inike amathuba amaninzi kubaphandi ukuba bafunde izinto ezintsha kwaye babuze izinto ezintsha. Uphononongo olunzulu lwezifundo ludala umjikelo kwaye, ukucinga/ukuphonononga okunzulu kwesifundo kudala imibuzo emininzi kwaye loo mibuzo ikhokelela kwiindlela ezininzi zokuba abaphandi bafunde ngakumbi izinto ezinxulumene neso sifundo.

Injongo yoPhando olunika ingcaciso:

Abaphandi abaphononongayo bakholisa ukukhokelwa xa umcimbi ungacaciswanga ngokucacileyo. Ivumela i-arhente ukuba iqhelane nomba okanye imbono eza kuphononongwa, kwaye ngokuqikelelwayo idale iithiyori (intsingiselo yethiyori) eza kuzanywa. Ubukhulu becala, olu phando lugqityezelwa ngokusetyenziswa kweendibano zaseziko okanye iingxoxo ezincinci zeendibano, ezithi rhoqo zisetyenziswe ekujongeni imarike. Exp. Uphando lunokuba luncedo kakhulu kuphando lwezentlalo. Zibalulekile xa i-arhente isaphula umhlaba omtsha kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ihambisa idatha entsha malunga nenqaku lophando. Kananjalo baye baba yindawo eshushu kwingqikelelo esisiseko.

Uphononongo lophando zineenjongo ezintathu eziphambili: ukuzalisekisa umdla womphandi kunye nemfuno yokuqonda ngakumbi, ukuvavanya ukuba sempilweni kokuqalisa uphononongo olungaphezulu ukuya ezantsi, kunye nokwakha ubuchule obuza kusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yayo nayiphi na into emva kophando.

Inkcazo yoPhando olucacisayo, Umzekelo woPhando oluCacisa,

Umbuzo woPhando ocacisayo

  • Uphando oluchazayo, ukuba luninzi ngokwendalo, alusebenzi kakuhle kwimibuzo evulekileyo, olu hlobo lophando lunokuphendula le mibuzo ngokufanelekileyo.
  • uphando lubhetyebhetye ngakumbi xa luthelekiswa nolo lophando oluchazayo.
  • Uphando oluchazayo lusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nentsingiselo, i-avareji, i-median kunye ne-frequency. Kwelinye icala, uphando oluchazayo luvumela umphandi ukuba asebenzise izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokwendalo.
  • Ubungakanani bolwazi umphandi analo engqondweni, lumisela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lophando ekufuneka alusebenzise ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono. Ngeengcamango ezingacacanga kuphela engqondweni, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba umphandi aye kwi-exp. uphando. Kwelinye icala, ulwazi olufana nedatha yobungakanani ivumela umphandi ukuba aye kuphando oluchazayo olukhokelela ekuvumbululeni ubudlelwane obuthile.
  • Uphando olucacisayo kufuneka lwenziwe kuqala, emva koko kusetyenziswe loo ngqokelela yolwazi olufunekayo kuphando oluchazayo.

Uphando lwe-Causal (uphando olucacisayo)

Uphando lwe-Causal, olwaziwa njengophando oluchazayo lwenziwa ukuze kuchongwe ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lobudlelwane besizathu kunye nesiphumo. Uphando lwe-Causal lunokwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe iimpembelelo zotshintsho oluthile kwimimiselo ekhoyo, iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo njl.

Izifundo ze-Causal zijolise kuhlalutyo lwemeko okanye ingxaki ethile ukuchaza iipatheni zobudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziguquguqukayo. Iimvavanyo zezona ndlela zidumileyo zokuqokelela idatha kwizifundo ezinoyilo lophando lwe-causal.

Ubukho besizathu-kunye nobudlelwane besiphumo bunokuqinisekiswa kuphela ukuba kukho ubungqina obuthile be-causal. Ubungqina be-causal bunamacandelo amathathu abalulekileyo:

1. Ulandelelwano lwexeshana. Isizathu kufuneka senzeke phambi kwesiphumo. Umzekelo, akuyi kufaneleka ukunika ikhredithi ukonyuka kweentengiso kwiinzame zokutshintsha igama kwakhona ukuba ukunyuka bekuqalile ngaphambi kokwenziwa ngokutsha.

2. Ukwahluka okuhambelanayo. Ukwahluka kufuneka kucwangciswe phakathi kwezinto ezimbini eziguquguqukayo. Umzekelo, ukuba inkampani ayitshintshi uqeqesho lwabasebenzi kunye neendlela zophuhliso, ngoko ke utshintsho ekwanelisekeni kwabathengi alunakubangelwa uqeqesho kunye nophuhliso lwabasebenzi.

3. Unxulumano olunganyanisekanga. Nakuphi na ukudityaniswa phakathi kwesizathu kunye nesiphumo kufuneka kube yinyani kwaye kungabi nje ngenxa yolunye uhlobo. Ngamanye amazwi, akufuneki kubekho 'yesithathu' into ehambelana nazo zombini, unobangela, kunye nesiphumo.

Itheyibhile engezantsi ithelekisa iimpawu eziphambili zophando lwe-causal kuyilo lokuhlola kunye noluchazayo lophando

Uphando lwe-Causal Uphando lokuhlola Inkcazo echazayo
Isixa sokungaqiniseki esibonakalisa imeko yesigqibo Ichazwe ngokucacileyo Ayicacanga kakhulu Ichazwe ngokuyinxenye
Ingxelo yophando engundoqo Uqikelelo lophando Umbuzo wophando Umbuzo wophando
Kuqhutywa nini? Amanqanaba amva okwenziwa kwezigqibo Inqanaba lokuqala lokwenziwa kwezigqibo Amanqanaba amva okwenziwa kwezigqibo
Indlela yophando eqhelekileyo Yakhiwe kakhulu Engacwangciswanga U lungiswe
imizekelo 'Ngaba abathengi baya kuthenga iimveliso ezingakumbi ngepakethe eluhlaza?''Liliphi iphulo lezibhengezo ezimbini eliya kuphumelela ngakumbi?' 'Iintengiso zethu ziyehla ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo zeziphi iintlobo zeemveliso ezitsha abanomdla kuzo abathengi bokutya okukhawulezayo?' 'Ngabantu abanjani abaxhasa iivenkile zethu xa kuthelekiswa nabo sikhuphisana nabo?''Ziziphi iimpawu zemveliso ezizezona zibalulekileyo kubathengi bethu?'

Iimpawu eziphambili zoyilo lophando

 Imizekelo yoPhando lwe-Causal (uPhando oluchazayo)

Le ilandelayo yimizekelo yeenjongo zophando kuyilo lwe-causal research:

  • Ukuvavanya iimpembelelo zotyalo-mali oluthe ngqo lwangaphandle kumanqanaba okukhula koqoqosho eTaiwan
  • Ukuhlalutya imiphumo yamanyathelo okuthengiswa kwakhona kumanqanaba okunyaniseka kwabathengi
  • Ukuchonga ubunjani bempembelelo yenkqubo yomsebenzi ngokutsha kumanqanaba enkuthazo yabasebenzi

Izinto eziluncedo zoPhando lwe-Causal (uPhando olucacisayo)

  • Izifundo ze-Causal zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo malunga nokuchonga izizathu ezisemva koluhlu olubanzi lweenkqubo, kunye nokuvavanya iimpembelelo zotshintsho kwimimiselo ekhoyo, iinkqubo njl.
  • Izifundo ze-Causal zihlala zibonelela ngeenzuzo zokuphindaphinda ukuba kukho imfuneko
  • Olu hlobo lwezifundo lunxulunyaniswa namanqanaba amakhulu okuqinisekiswa kwangaphakathi ngenxa yokhetho olucwangcisiweyo lwezifundo

Izinto ezingeloncedo zoPhando lwe-Causal (uPhando oluchazayo)

  • Iziganeko ezenzeka ngeziganeko zinokubonwa njengobudlelwane besizathu kunye nesiphumo. Umzekelo, uPunxatawney Phil wakwazi ukuqikelela ubude bexesha lasebusika iminyaka emihlanu elandelelanayo, nangona kunjalo, yimpuku nje engenangqondo kunye namandla okuxela kwangaphambili, oko kukuthi, kube yinto engalindelekanga.
  • Kunokuba nzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo ezifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zophando lwe-causal. Oku kungenxa yempembelelo yoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo kwindawo yentlalo. Ngamanye amazwi, ngelixa ixhoba linokuchazwa, alinakungqinwa ngomgangatho ophezulu wokuqinisekisa.
  • Kwiimeko ezithile, ngelixa unxulumano phakathi kwezinto ezimbini eziguquguqukayo zinokumiselwa ngokufanelekileyo; ukuchonga ukuba yeyiphi inguqu engunobangela kwaye yeyiphi impembelelo kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima ukuwufeza.

Isiphelo:

Uphando olucacisayo luhlobo lophando oluyintsika yolunye uhlobo lwabaphandi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise umsebenzi wophando lwakho olulandelayo, umntu kufuneka ahlale eqhuba uphando oluchazayo kuqala, kuba ngaphandle kwalo uphando luya kuba lungaphelelanga kwaye aluyi kusebenza kakuhle. Uphando olucacisayo lusebenza ukunika uphando lwakho kunye noyilo lophando kugxininiso olungcono kwaye lunciphisa ngokubonakalayo naluphi na ulwazi olucetywayo.

Uphando olucacisayo-Yintoni?

Izimvo, iiFomula kunye neendlela ezimfutshane zoPhando oluCacazayo

Umphengululi uyazi kakuhle kwangaphambili into ayifunayo. Ngexesha elifanayo kufuneka aqaphele ukungaqiniseki kwenzululwazi yentlalo. Akayazi ncam into ayifunayo. Kwakhona, ulilawula ngokupheleleyo ixesha kunye noonobangela abanokubakho. Abaphandi abakhulu bayila ngokugqithisileyo.

Ukuba unqwenela ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nophando okanye unqwenela ukwabelana ngeengcinga zakho, singathanda ukuva kuwe! Imfihlelo yophando oluyimpumelelo kukuqonda iindlela ezisisiseko, ukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo sokwenziwa komsebenzi. Uphando olufanelekileyo lubandakanya ingqokelela encinci yabathathi-nxaxheba, kuxhomekeke kwiikhrayitheriya ezichazwe ngumphandi. Kwicala le-flip, uphando lobungakanani luzama ukuhlela, ukubala okanye ukulinganisa. Ukuqhuba uphando lweshishini ayingomsebenzi olula. Kubalulekile ukunyaniseka kuphononongo. Kholwa, uya kuyivuyela xa nize kuqhuba isifundo somzekelo kunye.

Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo olulungiselelwe ukususa imikhethe yethu lubalulekile ekuqondeni ihlabathi. Njengoko uphando lubandakanya ukunqunyulwa okukhulu epokothweni, kubalulekile ukucacisa umba ngokucacileyo. Ukusondela kuphando lwemveliso kunye nedatha elandeleyo inokuba ngumsebenzi owoyikisayo kunye nokwaneliseka okuncinci kwangoko.

Cinga ngeendlela zokubilisa idatha phantsi kwezona nxalenye zibalulekileyo kunye nendlela onokusebenzisa ngayo uyilo olubonakalayo lokubonisa ulwazi oluphambili kuqala. Ukuqokelelwa kweenkcukacha Iintlobo ngeentlobo zolwazi zimalunga nokuqokelelwa kweenyaniso eziza kusetyenziswa ukusombulula ingxaki. Xa kunokuba nzima ukukhohlisa idatha ngaphandle kwesoftware kunye nezakhono, ungonqeni ukundwendwela ufunde ngakumbi malunga nedatha ekrwada ngokwakho.

Indlela yokufumana uphando olucacileyo kwi-Intanethi

Abantu bamisela iinjongo kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto. Zama ukuba ube nokuqonda ngokucokisekileyo kwiithagethi zophando, kwaye ukuba unethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo, iinjongo zeshishini. Ithagethi yakho kukuqinisekiswa okukhawulezayo ukuze ukwazi ukuphinda-phinda ukucinga kwakho. Injongo kukuphuhlisa ukuqonda okunzulu ngobomi bomntu, izigqibo kunye nemingeni. Okanye, ukuba unenjongo ethile kunye nombuzo, ngoko ke, umzekelo, kungcono ukwenza imeko ehambelanayo, eya kunceda umsebenzisi ukuhlela amakhadi ngempumelelo ngakumbi.

Izinto omele uzazi malunga noPhando oluchazayo

Kwimeko enjalo, ukubonisa izakhono zakho kunye negalelo kwiprojekthi kuya kubaluleka kakhulu. Ngokusisiseko, uyakhulisa ukuqonda kwakho isifundo uze usebenzise iindlela zophando ezisemgangathweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi lwakho ngombandela othile luchanekile. Nanini na xa ulwazi lwakho lwangaphambili lunqongophele, kubalulekile ukuba ube phezulu-kwisantya ngokukhawuleza. Ulwazi lweenkqubo yinto enye. Kuhlala kululuvo olulungileyo ukuxuba ubuchule bophando olusemgangathweni kunye nobungakanani, ngoko ke ukuqinisekiswa kwemibono yokuqala kunye neengqikelelo kubalulekile ukucudisa uninzi kuphando lwakho.

Qhuba uphando ngezimo zengqondo zabasebenzisi bakho ngaphambi kophuhliso ukuze uqiniseke ukuba uyakha into eyahlukileyo kuleyo ukhuphiswano lwakho lunikezela ngayo, ukujongana neendawo zentlungu zokwenyani ezikhoyo kwindawo yentengiso. Kubalulekile ukuba ungalibali xa uphuhlisa isisombululo okanye inkonzo yokuyilungisa ukuzalisekisa iimfuno zeseti ethile yabasebenzisi, ngokuchasene neqela legeneric. Ishishini laqala inkampani yalo phakathi koo-1950 kumbindi we-Illinois. Njengoko iqhubeka nokuzabalaza nokwanda kwayo e-United States kwaye ekugqibeleni iphumelele, kunokwenzeka ukuba inkampani iya kufuna kuphela ukusebenzisa uninzi lwezicwangciso ezifanayo ngelixa izama ukuguqula isicwangciso sayo phesheya ukuba siyafuneka.

Umahluko we-10 lbs kumzekelo wokugqibela, udla ngokuba ngumlinganiselo wesiphumo. Kwiwebhusayithi, kubalulekile ukuba ube yingcali kodwa unike i-CRA imvakalelo yokuthuthuzela kunye nesiqinisekiso sokuba iwebhusayithi ifanelekile ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiprothokholi. Ngokulula ngakumbi, ikwangumba wokusinda kwezorhwebo kwezo nkampani zemidiya kuthethwa ngazo. Ngexesha elide, usebenzela kwimibuzo evulelekileyo enokuba nzima ngakumbi ngengqiqo kumthathi-nxaxheba wophando. Ubunzima bokufumana abantu ukuba bachonge apho umba ukhoyo kwaye emva koko bawuchonge umba lowo. Kuhlala kuluncedo ukujonga indlela abanye abaye bawusingatha ngayo umcimbi othile. Ngapha koko, yindlela yokuphanda ngengxaki enokubakho engachazwanga ngokucacileyo.

Cinga malunga nokubandakanya uncedo lwemeko apho luya kuba luncedo. Ukubonelela ngoncedo olongezelelweyo kunye nesikhokelo kubalulekile, ngakumbi ngalo lonke ixesha ideshibhodi isenokungafane isetyenziswe, okanye iqeshwe rhoqo okokuqala. Ukukwazi ukuba kutheni amakhadi ekwiindidi ezithile kubalulekile.

Inkqubo ayikho lula njengoko unokucinga. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yophando kukuqokelela ulwazi kwi-net kunye nolunye uncwadi olukhoyo. Ukuchaza kunye nokuchonga imiba Inkqubo yophando lwemarike iqala ngokuchongwa kwemiba edibana nayo ngumbutho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba kutheni umsebenzisi esenza ukhetho oluthile.